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The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently said that by law food makers are permitted to add sesame to their products.
美國食品藥品監督管理局最近表示，法律允許食品制造商在他們的產品中添加芝麻。
They also must identify sesame content in their foods on product packaging.
他們還必須在產品包裝上標明食品中的芝麻含量。
Sesame is the seed of the sesamum or benne plant.
芝麻是芝麻屬植物的種子。
It is used to make oil and the seeds themselves are often used on bread or baked goods.
它被用來制油，種子本身也經常被用來制作面包及其他烘焙食品。
The seeds come in black and white colors.
芝麻種子有黑白兩種顏色。
Sesame is used in many foods to add a nutty flavor or some crunch.
芝麻被用在許多食物中，以增加堅果味或一些嘎吱聲。
But the American non-profit group, the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), says about 1.6 million people are allergic to the seeds.
但美國非營利性組織公共利益科學中心表示，約有160萬人對芝麻過敏。
Someone who is allergic can get very sick after eating the seeds.
過敏的人在吃了芝麻后可能會很不舒服。
People with the allergy usually learn to stay away from traditional foods that contain sesame.
對芝麻過敏的人通常會學會遠離含有芝麻的傳統食物。
The CSPI is protesting to the FDA about a law that went into effect in January.
公共利益科學中心正在就一項于1月份生效的法律向美國食品藥品監督管理局提出抗議。
The Food Allergy Safety, Treatment, Education, and Research Act, known as FASTER, listed sesame as a major allergen requiring identification on packaging for the first time.
《食品過敏安全、治療、教育和研究法案》首次將芝麻列為主要過敏原，要求在包裝上進行標識。
Some food companies made changes to their production centers in reaction to the new law.
作為對新法律的回應，一些食品公司對其生產中心進行了調整。
Some cut sesame use completely.
有的公司徹底減少芝麻的使用量。
Others, however, decided to add sesame to products that did not usually contain it.
然而，其他公司決定在通常不含芝麻的產品中添加芝麻。
As long as they identified the sesame on the food packaging, they were obeying the law fully.
只要他們確認在食品包裝上標明了此產品含有芝麻，他們就完全遵守了法律。
The CSPI and other organizations argue that adding sesame to foods that did not contain it in the past limits food choices for allergic people.
公共利益科學中心和其他組織認為，在過去不含芝麻的食物中添加芝麻限制了過敏人群的食物選擇。
Some food companies say it is too hard to prevent sesame from getting into some products, or it is too costly to change their production centers.
一些食品公司表示，阻止芝麻進入某些產品太難了，即改變生產中心的成本太高。
It is easier to add sesame and identify it legally.
添加芝麻和合法標注更容易。
Some restaurants are also adding sesame to their foods and noting it on menus or meal listings in order to meet the requirements of the food law.
一些餐館也在他們的食物中添加芝麻，并在菜單上標明，以滿足食品法的要求。
Robert Earl is a food safety advocate.
羅伯特·厄爾是一位食品安全倡導者。
He said the practice will put people with food allergies in danger of getting sick.
他說，這種做法會讓對食物過敏的人面臨生病的危險。
"It puts our community at greater risk," he said.
他說：“這會讓我們的社區面臨更大的風險”。
Earl added that food companies and restaurants adding sesame to products reduces food choices.
厄爾補充說，食品公司和餐館在產品中添加芝麻會減少食物選擇。
Earl said his organization – Food Allergy Research and Education – has received a number of complaints from people who said they got sick by eating formerly "safe" products.
厄爾說，他的組織——食物過敏研究和教育——已經收到了許多人的投訴，他們說自己因為吃了以前“安全”的產品而生病。
Ruchi Gupta is a children's doctor at Northwestern University.
魯奇·古普塔是西北大學的一名兒童醫生。
She is director of the Center for Food Allergy and Asthma research there.
她是該大學食物過敏和哮喘研究中心的主任。
Gupta called the FDA's decision "disappointing," and noted that the food company and restaurant changes are permitted by law.
古普塔稱美國食品藥品監督管理局的決定“令人失望”，并指出食品公司和餐廳的改變是法律允許的。
However, she said she hoped the FDA would have "come out in a way to try to discourage" putting sesame in unusual products.
然而，她說，她希望美國食品藥品監督管理局能“以某種方式來阻止”在不尋常的產品中添加芝麻的行為。
Robert Califf leads the Food and Drug Administration.
羅伯特·卡里夫是美國食品藥品監督管理局的負責人。
In a message posted online in 2023, he wrote about companies adding sesame to their foods.
在2023年發布在網上的一條消息中，他寫道，公司在他們的食品中添加了芝麻。
He called it "a practice with an outcome we do not support."
他稱這是“一種我們不支持結果的做法”。
He said it does not break any rule but that it "limits options for consumers who are allergic to sesame."
他說，這并沒有違反任何規定，但它“限制了對芝麻過敏的消費者的選擇”。
He also noted that consumers should "check the label every time you buy a food product – even if you have eaten it before and didn't have an allergic reaction."
他還指出，消費者應該“每次購買食品時檢查標簽——即使你以前吃過并且沒有過敏反應。”
The F.D.A. also said companies cannot use language like "may contain sesame" if the product does not contain it.
美國食品藥品監督管理局還表示，如果產品中不含有芝麻，公司就不能使用“可能含有芝麻”之類的措辭。
Peter Lurie heads the CSPI.
彼得·盧里是公共利益科學中心的負責人。
He said he hoped the FDA's recent statements would send a message to food companies.
他說，他希望美國食品藥品監督管理局最近的聲明能向食品公司傳達一個信息。
He said "it's on the companies to act responsibly," if the FDA is not going to force them to make changes.
他說，如果美國食品藥品監督管理局不打算強迫這些公司做出改變，“那么就需要這些公司采取負責任的措施”。
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德爾為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
