評論
打印
Finance & economics
財經版塊
Smaller apple
蘋果變小了
Wall Street unwinds its hiring binge.
華爾街招聘狂潮回落。
It is easy now to point to phenomena that were features of the zero-interest-rate age.
現在很容易指出之前零利率時代的一些特色現象。
Ape JPEGs selling for millions of dollars; algorithms pricing and buying homes; 20-something tech workers making “day in the life” TikToks that consisted entirely of them making snacks.
猿類非同質化代幣售價高達數百萬美元，算法用于住房定價和購買，20多歲的科技工作者拍攝的TikTok生活記錄視頻里，幾乎全是他們自己做零食的內容。
Record-breaking profits at investment banks appear to be another relic of the golden age.
投資銀行創紀錄的高利潤似乎已是黃金時代的另一個遺跡。
Workers hired to meet roaring demand have been left twiddling their thumbs.
為滿足猛增的需求而被雇傭的員工們，現在閑得摳手。
Now they are being shown the door.
現在，他們正被送出公司大門。
Ahead of releasing their second-quarter earnings, institutions on Wall Street are trimming staff.
在公布第二季度收益之前，華爾街的機構正在裁員。
Goldman Sachs culled 3,200 in the first quarter; on May 30th reports suggested the bank was letting go of another 250—this time mostly from among senior ranks.
高盛在第一季度裁減了3200名員工，5月30日的報道稱，該銀行將再裁減250名員工，這一次主要是從高級職位中裁員。
Morgan Stanley fired 3,000 or so in the second quarter.
摩根士丹利在第二季度解雇了大約3000人。
Bank of America has cut 4,000 and Citigroup 5,000.
美國銀行裁員4000人，花旗集團裁員5000人。
Lay-offs are also plaguing less glamorous bits of finance.
金融行業中那些不那么光鮮亮麗的機構也受裁員困擾。
Accenture and KPMG have both swung the axe.
埃森哲和畢馬威都已經揮舞了裁員的斧頭。
This matters not only for the poor souls handed their belongings in a cardboard box, but for the city of New York.
裁員不僅對那些抱著裝滿個人物品的紙箱的可憐人很重要，對紐約市也很重要。
Just as tech lay-offs have hurt San Francisco, so finance lay-offs will hurt the Big Apple.
正如科技行業的裁員傷害了舊金山一樣，金融業的裁員也會傷害到大蘋果城。
According to Enrico Moretti, an economist at the University of California, Berkeley, each of the “knowledge jobs” that make cities like New York and San Francisco successful in turn supports another five service roles—some high-paying (like lawyers), others less so (like baristas).
根據加州大學伯克利分校的經濟學家恩里科·莫雷蒂的說法，讓紐約和舊金山等城市繁榮發展的每一個“知識型工作”，都能繼而支持另外五個服務型工作：有一些是高薪的(如律師)，另一些則不那么高薪(如咖啡廳服務員)。
Even if there are not additional firings, Wall Street’s retrenchment will take a toll.
即使沒有額外的裁員，華爾街的緊縮也會造成損失。
According to New York’s state comptroller, the average bonus pool shrank by one-fifth in the last financial year, the biggest drop since the global financial crisis of 2007-09.
紐約州的審計長表示，上一財年，平均獎金池縮水五分之一，為2007-09年全球金融危機以來的最大降幅。
Although banks did not balloon quite as much as tech firms during the covid-19 pandemic, when online activity surged and working patterns seemed ready to change for good, the axe is cutting almost as deep in places.
盡管在新冠肺炎大流行期間，當網絡活動激增、工作模式似乎準備好永久改變時，銀行并沒有像科技公司那樣膨脹，但在一些地方，裁員的力度幾乎和科技行業一樣大。
Meta’s workforce nearly doubled in size between 2019 and 2022; the firm has since let go about half of new additions.
2019年至2022年間，Meta的員工規模幾乎翻了一番，自那以來，該公司已經解雇了大約一半的新增員工。
Goldman’s workforce expanded by just over one-quarter between the end of 2019 and the end of 2022, from around 38,000 to just over 48,000.
從2019年底到2022年底，高盛的員工人數只增加了四分之一多一點，從大約3.8萬人增加到略高于4.8萬人。
By laying off some 3,450 people the firm has unwound one-third of this increase.
通過裁員約3450人，該公司已經削減了新增人數的三分之一。
Other banks have been a little slower to scale back.
其他銀行縮減規模的速度稍慢一些。
At Morgan Stanley, where employment also leapt by one-third over the same period, just one-eighth of the increase has been unwound.
在摩根士丹利，員工人數在同一時期也躍升了三分之一，但僅有八分之一的新增人數被削減。
It is a similar story at Citigroup.
花旗集團的情況與此類似。
There have yet to be major lay-offs at JPMorgan Chase, the king of Wall Street.
號稱華爾街之王的摩根大通現在還沒有大規模裁員。
Altogether, job losses might slow New York’s economy a tad—perhaps the market for TriBeCa lofts will cool—but they will hardly prove a fatal blow to a city of its size and vitality.
總體而言，失業可能會讓紐約的經濟略微放緩--也許紐約翠貝卡區的loft公寓市場會降溫--但對于紐約這種規模和活力的城市來說，很難證明失業會帶來致命打擊。
Yet perhaps there is further for the story to run.
然而，故事可能還未結束。
Tech-industry lay-offs got going in earnest in 2022, when almost 165,000 jobs were lost.
科技行業的裁員在2022年開始變得認真，當時幾乎失去了16.5萬個工作崗位。
They are now coming thick and fast.
現在裁員正變快變多。
Since the start of the year, more than 210,000 jobs have been cut.
自今年年初以來，科技行業已裁員逾21萬人。
History suggests that firing seasons build momentum.
歷史表明，裁員季會形成勢頭。
It took years for banks to downsize in the wake of the global financial crisis.
在全球金融危機之后，銀行花了數年時間才縮減規模。
Just as with the tech companies, lay-offs would need to be several times bigger to return financial firms to their pre-pandemic sizes.
就像科技公司一樣，裁員人數需要增加幾倍，才能讓金融公司恢復到疫情前的體量。
Although banks are trimming the fat, they do not yet look lean.
盡管銀行正在瘦身，但它們看起來還并不精干。
